Internet might be the biggest boon of the 21st century. It is because of the Internet that people can communicate with one another more fluidly than at any other time in history. It has empowered people to work from remote places without having the need to visit their offices, something which was treasured during the COVID-19 pandemic. It has also played a part in mobilising help for the needy like witnessed during the COVID times when online campaigns were run to help those adversely affected by the pandemic.
However, besides all the benefits that it has provided, the Internet also seems to have unlocked something dark in humanity. It is being used by terrorists to plan attacks and draw fresh blood. It is being used by criminals to devise newer ways of committing crimes. It is also used by sexual predators to target and attack vulnerable people. But in recent times, nothing illuminates the dark side of the Internet better than the brazen objectification and sexualisation of women that is pervasive on it.
A few days ago, a controversy erupted when hundreds of pictures of Muslim women were misused and uploaded by an unidentified group on an app using GitHub by the name of ‘Bulli Bai’. The app was hosted at the URL bullibai.github.io, however, the same was taken down after people started pointing out how the app on social media targeted Muslim women and objectified them. The news instantly drew national and international headlines as media organisations focused on the religious profiling of women done before subjecting them to misogynistic attacks. Authorities took cognisance of the online outrage and swift action followed.
However, since the religiously motivated attack against women became the focal point of national discussion, many social media users pointed out instances from the past that have gone unpunished and unreported as they could not garner the kind of outrage and the attention that ‘Bulli Bai’ deal case attracted. They highlighted that Muslim women are not the only ones at the receiving end of such attacks that are borne out of misogyny and religious bigotry.
In fact, women, on the whole, are being subjected to such misogynistic treatment online, which often goes unnoticed because of the power of anonymity that the Internet and social media platforms offer to the culprits, who conveniently hide behind fake or contrived identities to perpetuate their perversity.
Much like Muslim women, Hindu women, too, have also suffered a fair share of religiously motivated attacks against them, but they are often slipped under the radar because highlighting them would be politically incorrect and could “jeopardise the secular fabric of the country.” Here are some instances from the past that were reported by OpIndia and some others brought to our notice by users. Viewer discretion is advised as the pictures are sexually explicit in nature.
Social media users highlight online harassment of Hindu women that goes unchecked and unpunished
There are many pages on Facebook with a sizeable following that talk about targeting Hindu women because of their religion. The images shared on these pages, which are mostly explicit, show Hindu women with identifiable markers such as sindoor, bangles and bindi that differentiates Hindu women from others. The posts uploaded on these pages exhort followers to target and sexualise Hindu women.
Besides Facebook, Instagram is another social media platform that is rife with misogyny and harassment of Hindu women. There are countless anonymous accounts active on the social media platform that routinely indulge in objectifying women by sharing pictures of them with identifiable markers to portray them as Hindus, along with pictures of men that are superimposed with Islamic symbols such as the crescent moon to characterise them as Muslims.
Then, there are Broadcast lists and channels dedicated to sexualising and commoditising Hindu women.
Such egregious content has also been shared on Reddit. In July 2021, Reddit came under the scanner for hosting pornographic images of Hindu women lusting for Muslim men. The Reddit accounts, which were often private, engaged in the dehumanisation of Hindu women and the photographs were accompanied by the crass language of the highest order.
Even the audio-only chat app Clubhouse has been misused by some depraved individuals to continue their misogyny against Hindu women. On June 9, an audio clip of Clubhouse conversation between the alleged social media’ influencers’ started to make rounds on Twitter where the speaker normalised ‘hate sex’ with ‘sanghis’ because women are ‘hot’. In the undated conversation, that happened on the Clubhouse app in a room titled “sex with your ex” on the topic “Do you only date hot people”, one speaker identified as Neeraj Kadamboor (Instagram ID kadamboorneeraj) made a derogatory remark on women who are opposed to his political ideology.
Then, there are independent websites as well where religious targeting of Hindu women is rampant. One such was interfaithxxx.com, which was recently highlighted by activist Anshul Saxena after the ‘Bulli Bai’ deal case came to light. The website, which he claimed targeted Hindu women by concocting stories and fake news against them, was removed from the Internet last year.
1) There was a website called https://t.co/1mcgy2mAt8
— Anshul Saxena (@AskAnshul) January 5, 2022
This website targeted Hindu women by making several stories & fake news against them.
And, this website was removed last year in 2020. (Please let me know if anyone from concerned authorities want more details). pic.twitter.com/h9ZnWQPy49
As sexual harassment of women based on their religion created quite a stir on social media, Saxena drew attention towards a Telegram channel named ‘Hindu Ran*yan’ that was using images of Hindu women with derogatory, sexually explicit references for harassment and abuse. Saxena had tagged Mumbai Police, highlighting the targeted harassment and potential sexual abuse of Hindu women via the channel.
Dear @MumbaiPolice
— Anshul Saxena (@AskAnshul) January 4, 2022
There is a channel in Telegram named ‘Hindu Randiyan’
Link: https://t.co/auMkeZY1gk
This channel is targeting Hindu women, sharing the photos & abusing them.
This Channel was created on June 2021. Kindly act against the culprits who are behind this channel. pic.twitter.com/9w397FkdFQ
After his tweet, some people on social media started discussing why the government was not taking against such platforms. Many users tagged IT minister Ashwini Vaishnaw in their tweets and asked him to take action against such channels. Taking cognisance of the tweet where he was tagged, the IT minister replied that he has initiated action against that particular Telegram channel and it has been blocked.
Channel blocked. Government of India coordinating with police authorities of states for action. https://t.co/kCB6Ys8TI2
— Ashwini Vaishnaw (@AshwiniVaishnaw) January 5, 2022
In yet another tweet, Saxena shared a few Facebook pages that have been targeting Hindu women. Union Minister of State for Electronics and Technology, Rajeev Chandrashekhar, took cognisance of Anshul’s tweet and responded that he has informed Facebook’s parent company Meta and had the controversial pages enabling sexualisation of Hindu women removed.
Hv directed @GoI_MeitY team to inform @Meta n hv it taken down https://t.co/yxzcAtyqig
— Rajeev Chandrasekhar 🇮🇳 (@Rajeev_GoI) January 5, 2022
Stringent cyber laws and proactive law enforcement agencies needed to curb the menace of online harassment
The above-listed incidents go to show that not just Muslim women but Hindu women are also subjected to cyber harassment and potential sexual abuse on the basis of their religion. While it is appreciable that Ministers are taking cognisance of incidents of sexual objectification and harassment on Twitter and other social media platforms, but this cannot be an ideal way of ensuring that women do not endure online abuse.
But, unfortunately, despite repeated attempts by social media users to highlight such abuse, these issues seldom get the attention that they deserve and only some of them are brought to notice, often depending on the discretion of Ministers or influential people. In some cases that manage to gain prominence, the pages and abusive accounts get suspended but those who are responsible for creating and running them are hardly brought to book.
These occurrences underscore the importance of having stringent cyber laws and an equally stringent cyber body that proactively scours the Internet for potential cases of online abuse, including harassment based on religion. There still exist cyber organisations that are entrusted with the task of checking online abuse. However, the fact that such incidents keep cropping up and with increasing frequency indicate that they are not useful in reining in the abuse that is peddled online. And with social media users routinely tagging ministers, actors, social media influencers to draw their attention towards online abuse, it is all the more important that the Centre creates a robust mechanism to address public grievances on online harassment, including religious targeting of women.
Unless the government commissions a statutory body and sanctions it with broad powers to nab and prosecute the culprits, such religious targeting of women is bound to continue. And as it continues, Hindu women will be the worst affected by this scourge as speaking up for Hindu victims of religious bigotry invariably invites allegations of majoritarianism, rising intolerance and so on and so forth.
